{"id":1135,"date":"2012-10-23T17:28:51","date_gmt":"2012-10-23T16:28:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cardiffstudentmedia.co.uk\/quench\/?p=1135"},"modified":"2014-02-06T18:08:00","modified_gmt":"2014-02-06T18:08:00","slug":"the-history-of-horror","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cardiffstudentmedia.co.uk\/quench\/film-tv\/the-history-of-horror\/","title":{"rendered":"The History of Horror"},"content":{"rendered":"

Amy Pay<\/em> looks at the history of the horror genre and lines up the best of what horror has to offer, from the 1890s to the 2000s.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Halloween is probably the best time to release a horror movie if you want it to have a\u252c\u00e1captive audience. On October 31st every year, the average multiplex cinema houses\u252c\u00e1at least three horror movies, some of which reach the top of the \u00d4\u00c7\u00ffhighest grossing’ charts (no pun intended). Viewing horror movies needn’t be reserved for this time\u252c\u00e1of year, though. Despite having a reputation for flimsy plotlines, poor acting and\u252c\u00e1ketchup-smothered sets, the genre has a long history. For nearly a century, people have found watching appalling fictitious events unfolding on screen to be somewhat\u252c\u00e1appealing.<\/p>\n

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\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

1890s-1920s<\/strong>
\nThe early roots of horror are embedded in real life events and popular literary\u252c\u00e1works. Some of the first cinema-goers experienced extreme fear when they watched\u252c\u00e1footage of a train arriving at a station; they thought that the train was going to pierce through the screen and drive into the auditorium. By experimenting with\u252c\u00e1emerging techniques, such as overlaying audio onto moving visual shots and\u252c\u00e1backlighting actors, directors made the everyday seem unknown, causing audiences to experience thrills from seemingly benign happenings.<\/p>\n

Gothic fiction and romanticism of the eighteenth and nineteenth century were\u252c\u00e1influences for early directors. Works by Edgar Allen Poe (\u00d4\u00c7\u00ffThe Raven’), Bram Stoker\u252c\u00e1(\u00d4\u00c7\u00ffDracula’) and Mary Shelley (\u00d4\u00c7\u00ffFrankenstein’) provided monstrous creatures that transformed well into frightening screen fiends. Another literary influence, the style\u252c\u00e1of classical storytelling, gave filmmakers a nod in the right direction for creating\u252c\u00e1compelling narratives.<\/p>\n

\"nosferatu2\"<\/a>Notable films: \u00d4\u00c7\u00ffArrival of a Train at La Ciotat’ (1895), \u00d4\u00c7\u00ffThe Cabinet of Dr. Caligari’\u252c\u00e1(1920), \u00d4\u00c7\u00ffNosferatu<\/span>‘ (1922)<\/p>\n

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1930-50s<\/strong>
\nAs horror films became increasingly available and realistic, government officials\u252c\u00e1around the world grew nervous over the effect that their content would have on\u252c\u00e1viewers. Some countries banned releases from being shown on the grounds of them being harmful and destructive to society. Regardless of this, companies continued to\u252c\u00e1develop the genre and its cinematographic quality.<\/p>\n

Britain’s Hammer Film Productions advanced monster films. Hammer Horrors were\u252c\u00e1longer, some lasting over an hour, and featured well-regarded actors (including Peter\u252c\u00e1Cushing and Christopher Lee) in lead roles. They sexed-up established tales and introduced bloody gore, tapping into the psyche of the viewer. Other filmmakers\u252c\u00e1bridged horror, nature and science fiction via alien invasions, crossbreed creatures\u252c\u00e1and dystopian worlds.<\/p>\n

\"flyorig\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Notable films: \u00d4\u00c7\u00ffInvasion of the Body Snatchers’ (1956), \u00d4\u00c7\u00ffThe Curse of Frankenstein’ (1957), \u00d4\u00c7\u00ffThe Fly<\/span>‘ (1958)<\/p>\n

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1960s<\/strong>
\nThe fascination with science and reality carried into the sixties. A boom in special\u252c\u00e1effects complimented attempts at making powerful supernatural and psychological\u252c\u00e1movies. Hitchcock became a landmark figure for generating suspense, while Polanski’s \u00d4\u00c7\u00ffRosemary’s Baby’ put the fear of the devil into expectant mothers.\u252c\u00e1Fantastical monster-centric movies died down in popularity, overtaken by films that\u252c\u00e1spoke of abnormal human experiences. Their absence was filled with some of the\u252c\u00e1most prolific zombie movies of all time, courtesy of the director George Romero.\"psycho<\/a>Notable films: \u00d4\u00c7\u00ffPsycho<\/span>‘ (1960), \u00d4\u00c7\u00ffThe Haunting’ (1963), \u00d4\u00c7\u00ffNight of the Living Dead’ (1968)<\/p>\n

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1970s<\/strong>
\nLarger budgets allowed the production of elaborately crafted films. They facilitated\u252c\u00e1the creation of violent scenes and haunting supernatural visuals, both of which\u252c\u00e1drew in greater audiences and respect from critics. Some of the most famous and unnerving psycho-thrillers came from this era. There were also plenty of thrillers\u252c\u00e1propelled by underlying political statements and social anxieties, a sign of unrest\u252c\u00e1across nations.<\/p>\n

\"omen_1976_damien\"<\/a>Notable films: \u00d4\u00c7\u00ffLast House on the Left’ (1972), \u00d4\u00c7\u00ffThe Omen<\/span>‘ (1976), \u00d4\u00c7\u00ffI Spit On Your Grave’ (1978)<\/p>\n

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1980s<\/strong>
\nThe eighties brought a new level of dangerous repression and gore to the scene.\u252c\u00e1Fake blood was splattered all over the sets for video nasties, grizzly films loaded with\u252c\u00e1extreme graphic violence that went beyond censorship and regulation. Slasher films featured genre-defining serial killers that ripped neighbourhoods to shreds. In many\u252c\u00e1cases, the serial killers managed to make it into movie sequels for a second score\u252c\u00e1of bloodshed. Wes Craven, the master behind some of today’s best-known slashers (such as \u00d4\u00c7\u00ffScream’ (1996)) unleashed multiple nightmare-inducing characters onto his\u252c\u00e1audiences. One of them was Freddy Krueger. This infamous baddie, with hands like\u252c\u00e1knife racks, killed off Johnny Depp in his first major role.
\n\"elmstreet\"<\/a>Notable films: \u00d4\u00c7\u00ffMy Bloody Valentine’ (1981), \u00d4\u00c7\u00ffDriller Killer’ (1982), \u00d4\u00c7\u00ffNightmare On <\/span>Elm Street<\/span>‘ (1984)<\/p>\n

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1990s<\/strong>
\nCollege became the new location for on-screen killing sprees, latching onto the\u252c\u00e1younger end of the genre’s audience. Though rather predictable and occasionally\u252c\u00e1self-mocking, they pulled earlier\u252c\u00e1 trends into the modern times. Society’s materialistic infatuation with personal technology made it into plots; \u00d4\u00c7\u00ffThe Blair Witch Project’\u252c\u00e1utilised handicams for jagged self-shot footage in the\u252c\u00e1 sequences.\u252c\u00e1A trend for metafictional works turned films inside-out, making movies aware of their\u252c\u00e1own construction and fictitious existence. Other films used existing social\u252c\u00e1 structures,\u252c\u00e1misconceptions, myths and fears as sources, while some used a combination of these to forge complicated plots that connected with an increasingly technologically\u252c\u00e1adept audience living in a world of seemingly limitless possibilities.<\/p>\n

\"RINGU\"<\/a>Notable films: \u00d4\u00c7\u00ffSe7en’ (1995), \u00d4\u00c7\u00ffI Know What You Did Last Summer’ (1997), Ringu<\/span> (1998)<\/p>\n

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21st Century<\/strong>
\nThe start of this century prompted a reflection on the previous one. Classics were digitally remastered for DVD release. Films like \u00d4\u00c7\u00ffThe Exorcist’ (1973) were given a second lease of life and thousands of new fans. A similar exposure was given to foreign horror films thanks to American remakes into the English language. Zombies took over cinemas yet again, this time sharing the bill with complicated and revengeful torture movies. On the other end of the spectrum,\u252c\u00e1psychology was\u252c\u00e1 implemented in less-is-more films. Viewers were left to their\u252c\u00e1own devices and imagination to\u252c\u00e1 understand gaps in plots and decipher the\u252c\u00e1paranormal within camera trickery. Cinemas provided a kick-start for the\u252c\u00e1nerves, but the mind became the home of horror.<\/p>\n

\"SAW\"<\/a>Notable films: \u00d4\u00c7\u00ffThe Others’, (2001) \u00d4\u00c7\u00ffSaw<\/span>‘ (2004), \u00d4\u00c7\u00ffLet The Right One In’ (2008)\/ \u00d4\u00c7\u00ffLet Me In’ (2010)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Amy Pay looks at the history of the horror genre and lines up the best of what horror has to […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":269,"featured_media":5025,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[292,259,293,294,260,295,296,297,298],"class_list":["post-1135","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-film-tv","tag-history","tag-horror","tag-my-bloody-valentine","tag-night-of-the-living-dead","tag-psycho","tag-ringu","tag-saw","tag-the-haunting","tag-the-omen"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nThe History of Horror - 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